As for a list of different terms (and pronunciations) used across the country, here is a great linguistic survey with maps to show regional prominence (although sometimes
it's clearer to look at the state-by-state data):

Harvard Dialect Survey Results

Some regional terms that we use here in New England (varies based on region):

Bubbler (mostly RI and eastern MA) = Water fountain (it's strange that we share this word with parts of Wisconsin)

Directional / blinker = turn signal

Rotary = traffic circle / roundabout

Cellar = basement

Parlor = living room

Bulkhead = the door in the ground that leads "down cellah"

Cruller = a stick-shaped doughnut

Wicked = very, extremely

Supper = dinner ("dinner" in N.E. is often used to refer to meals not eaten at home, or a late afternoon meal on Sundays)

Rubbish = trash / garbage

Clicker = remote control

Grinder = a sub sandwich

Yard sale = garage sale (a lot of people don't have garages, after all!)

Tonic (Boston) = soda

Frappe (Boston) = milkshake

Cabinet (RI) = milkshake

Notch = a mountain pass

Jimmies (primarily eastern MA) = chocolate sprinkles

Packie (Boston) = liquor store ("package store")

Candlepin = type of bowling with small pins and small balls

Dungarees = old-fashioned term for jeans

Jersey = old-fashioned term for a T-shirt

Fluffernutter = a peanut butter and Fluff sandwich

Hoodsie = a small cup of ice cream with a wooden spoon, sold by Hood

Schrod = popular fish meal, usually a young cod, sometimes haddock

Pisser (Boston) = cool, awesome

Drug store = pharmacy

Flatlander = someone from the coast, usually used by people in northern New England to refer to people from southern New England and elsewhere

Leaf peepers = people who invade N.E. in the fall to see the foliage

Pocket book = purse

Elastic = rubber band